Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemikhakha ehlukahlukene, ubuchwepheshe bokutholwa kwe-ultrasonic buthuthuka ngokushesha. Ubuchwepheshe be-imaging, ubuchwepheshe be-array ehlukaniswe ngezigaba, ubuchwepheshe be-3D phased array, ubuchwepheshe be-neural network yokufakelwa (ANNs), ubuchwepheshe be-ultrasonic guided wave buvuthwa kancane kancane, okukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokutholwa kwe-ultrasonic.
Njengamanje, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic kusetshenziswa kabanzi ku-petroleum, ukwelashwa, imboni yenuzi, i-aerospace, ezokuthutha, imishini nezinye izimboni. Isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kocwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo sobuchwepheshe bokutholwa kwe-ultrasound ikakhulukazi sihlanganisa izici ezimbili ezilandelayo:
I-Ultrasound ngokwayo isifundo sobuchwepheshe
(1) Ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-ultrasound ngokwayo;
(2) Ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusizwa yi-ultrasound.
I-Ultrasound ngokwayo isifundo sobuchwepheshe
1. Ubuchwepheshe bokubona nge-laser ultrasound
Ubuchwepheshe bokubona nge-laser ultrasonic ukusebenzisa i-laser eshaywayo ukukhiqiza i-ultrasonic pulse ukuze kutholwe ucezu lokusebenza. I-laser ingashukumisa amagagasi e-ultrasonic ngokukhiqiza umphumela wokunwebeka oshisayo noma ngokusebenzisa into ephakathi. Izinzuzo ze-laser ultrasound zibonakala ikakhulukazi ezicini ezintathu:
(1) Kungaba ukutholwa kwebanga elide, i-laser ultrasound ingaba ukusakazwa kwebanga elide, ukuncishiswa kwenqubo yokusabalalisa kuncane;
(2) Ukuxhumana okungaqondile, akudingi ukuthintana okuqondile noma eduze nendawo yokusebenza, ukuphepha kokutholwa kuphezulu;
(3) Ukulungiswa okuphezulu kokutholwa.
Ngokusekelwe kulezi zinzuzo ezingenhla, ukutholwa kwe-laser ultrasonic kulungele ikakhulukazi ukutholwa ngesikhathi sangempela kanye ne-inthanethi kwendawo yokusebenza endaweni enzima, futhi imiphumela yokutholwa iboniswa ngokuthwebula kwe-ultrasonic ngokushesha.
Kodwa-ke, i-laser ultrasound nayo inobubi obuthile, njengokutholwa kwe-ultrasonic ngokulungiswa okuphezulu kodwa ukuzwela okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lokuhlonza luhilela i-laser nesistimu ye-ultrasonic, uhlelo oluphelele lokubona i-laser ultrasonic likhulu ngevolumu, luyinkimbinkimbi ngesakhiwo futhi lubiza kakhulu.
Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe be-laser ultrasound buthuthuka ngezindlela ezimbili:
(1) Ucwaningo lwezemfundo ngendlela ye-laser ultrafast excitation kanye nezici zokusebenzisana nezici ezincane ze-laser nezinhlayiyana ezincane kakhulu;
(2) Ukuqapha ukuma kwe-inthanethi ezimbonini.
2.Ubuchwepheshe bokubona i-electromagnetic ultrasonic
I-Electromagnetic ultrasonic wave (EMAT) iwukusebenzisa indlela yokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic ukuvuselela nokwamukela amagagasi e-ultrasonic. Uma ugesi wefrikhwensi ephezulu usakazwa kukhoyili eduze nendawo yensimbi elinganisiwe, kuzoba khona amandla akhona wefrikhwensi efanayo ensimbi elinganisiwe. Uma inkambu kazibuthe engaguquki isetshenziswa ngaphandle kwensimbi elinganisiwe, amandla akhona azokhiqiza amandla e-Lorentz wefrikhwensi efanayo, esebenza ku-lattice yensimbi elinganisiwe ukuze iqalise ukudlidliza kwezikhathi ezithile kwesakhiwo sekristalu yensimbi elinganisiwe, ukuze kushukumise amagagasi e-ultrasonic. .
I-electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer yakhiwe nge-high-frequencycoil, inkambu kazibuthe yangaphandle kanye ne-conductor elinganisiwe. Lapho kuhlolwa ucezu lokusebenza, lezi zingxenye ezintathu zibamba iqhaza ndawonye ukuze kuqedelwe ukuguqulwa kobuchwepheshe obuyinhloko be-electromagnetic ultrasound phakathi kukagesi, uzibuthe nomsindo. Ngokulungiswa kwesakhiwo sekhoyili kanye nendawo yokubeka, noma ukulungiswa kwemingcele ebonakalayo ye-high-frequency coil, Ukushintsha isimo samandla somqhubi ohloliwe, ngaleyo ndlela kukhiqize izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-ultrasound.
3.Ubuchwepheshe bokubona i-ultrasound ehambisana nomoya
Ubuchwepheshe bokubona be-ultrasonic obuhlanganiswe komoya buyindlela entsha yokuhlola engathinteki ye-ultrasonic enomoya njengendlela yokuhlanganisa. Izinzuzo zale ndlela azithintwa, azihlaseli, futhi azikonakali ngokuphelele, zigwema ukubi okuthile kokutholwa kwe-ultrasound yendabuko. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ubuchwepheshe bokutholwa kwe-ultrasonic obuhlanganiswe komoya busetshenziswe kabanzi ekutholeni isici sezinto ezihlanganisiwe, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwempahla, kanye nokutholwa okuzenzakalelayo.
Njengamanje, ucwaningo lwalobu buchwepheshe lugxile kakhulu ezicini nakwithiyori ye-air coupling excitation ultrasonic field, kanye nocwaningo lokusebenza kahle kakhulu kanye ne-low umsindo coupling probe. Isoftware ye-COMSOL ye-multi-physical field simulation isetshenziselwa ukwenza imodeli futhi ilingise inkambu ye-ultrasonic ehlangene nomoya, ukuze kuhlaziywe amaphutha ekhwalithi, ubuningi kanye ne-imaging emisebenzini ehloliwe, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokutholwa kanye nokuhlinzeka ngokuhlola okuzuzisayo ukuze kusetshenziswe okungokoqobo. ye-ultrasound engathinteki.
Ukufunda ngobuchwepheshe obusizwa yi-ultrasound
Ucwaningo lobuchwepheshe olusizwa nge-Ultrasound ikakhulukazi lubhekisela kulo ngesisekelo sokungashintshi indlela nesimiso se-ultrasound, ngesisekelo sokusebenzisa eminye imikhakha yobuchwepheshe (njengokutholwa kolwazi nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza izithombe, ubuchwepheshe bobuhlakani bokwenziwa, njll.) , ubuchwepheshe bezinyathelo zokuthola i-ultrasonic (ukuthola isignali, ukuhlaziya isignali nokucubungula, ukuthwebula isithombe esinephutha) ukwenza ngcono, ukuze uthole imiphumela yokutholwa enembe kakhudlwana.
1.Nerual network techisayensi
Inethiwekhi ye-Neural (NNs) iyimodeli yezibalo ye-algorithmic elingisa izici zokuziphatha zezilwane ze-NN futhi yenze ukucubungula kolwazi olusabalalisiwe. Inethiwekhi incike ebunzimeni besistimu futhi ifinyelela inhloso yokucubungula ulwazi ngokulungisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwenani elikhulu lamanodi.
2.3D indlela yokuthwebula izithombe
Njengendlela ebalulekile yentuthuko yokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusizayo bokutholwa kwe-ultrasonic, ubuchwepheshe be-imaging obuyi-3D (Three-Dimensional Imaging) budonse ukunaka kwezazi eziningi eminyakeni yamuva. Ngokubonisa izithombe ze-3D zemiphumela, imiphumela yokutholwa icace kakhulu futhi inembile.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-15-2023
